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EGG PRODUCTION IN CHINA: CURRENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK

Ning YANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期   页码 25-34 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020363

摘要： Eggs are one of the most nutritious and affordable animal products worldwide. From 1985, egg production in China has retained the leading place in the world. A total of 33 Mt of eggs were produced in 2019 representing ˃ 40% of the world total production. Egg production in China is characterized by diversity in several aspects, including layer breeds, products and production systems. New breeds and synthetic lines are developed to improve the genetic potentials of egg production and feed efficiency of layers. In the past, layer farms were run mostly by small households with 100 to 1000 layers per farm. Over the past decades, egg production in China has developed toward standardization and expansion of production systems, and many of these modern intensive farms raise millions of layers. Although the Chinese egg products maintain strong competitiveness over other animal products and imported egg products, the egg industry will grow at a slower pace compared to the past. Chinese consumers are more concerned about the quality and safety of eggs and egg products, as well as the environmental issues related to animal production, which presents challenges for the Chinese egg industry.

关键词： poultry farms     China     diversity     egg production     trends    

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EGG PRODUCTION IN CHINA: CURRENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期   页码 25-34

摘要：

• China is now the largest egg production country worldwide

• Egg production in China is characterized by diversity in several aspects

• China is now capable of breeding new varieties, with more than 50% of the market share

• Policies have been implemented to ensure sustainable development of egg production

• Integrating crop-chicken-vegetable production system is established

 

Eggs are one of the most nutritious and affordable animal products worldwide. From 1985, egg production in China has retained the leading place in the world. A total of 33 Mt of eggs were produced in 2019 representing ˃ 40% of the world total production. Egg production in China is characterized by diversity in several aspects, including layer breeds, products and production systems. New breeds and synthetic lines are developed to improve the genetic potentials of egg production and feed efficiency of layers. In the past, layer farms were run mostly by small households with 100 to 1000 layers per farm. Over the past decades, egg production in China has developed toward standardization and expansion of production systems, and many of these modern intensive farms raise millions of layers. Although the Chinese egg products maintain strong competitiveness over other animal products and imported egg products, the egg industry will grow at a slower pace compared to the past. Chinese consumers are more concerned about the quality and safety of eggs and egg products, as well as the environmental issues related to animal production, which presents challenges for the Chinese egg industry.

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Arsenic in the treatment of newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia: current status and future research

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 45-52 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0117-y

摘要：

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia. In past decades, intensive studies on the biology and treatment of this disease have resulted in a remarkably thorough understanding of its pathogenesis and improvement of treatment outcomes. In particular, the introduction of all-trans retinoic acid to conventional chemotherapy improved dramatically the remission and survival rates of APL patients and consequently became the major treatment modality for it. In the last decade, the groundbreaking development of arsenic further improved the survival rate of APL patients. As the most active agent in APL, arsenic directly degrades the PML-RARα fusion transcript, leading to the differentiation and apoptosis of leukemia cells and the potential eradication of APL leukemia-initiating cells (LICs), thus making the disease a potentially curable type of leukemia. More notably, the recent development of oral arsenic compounds may further enhance not only clinical outcomes but also the convenience of patients, which may dramatically change the APL clinical scenario in the near future.

关键词： acute promyelocytic leukemia     arsenic     all-trans retinoic acid     survival    

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Laparoscopic surgery for pancreatic lesions: current status and future

Taiping Zhang, Xiao Du, Yupei Zhao

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 277-282 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0147-5

摘要： Laparoscopic pancreatic surgery has been gaining increasing recognition in recent years, and its practice has increased despite its highly complex procedure and longer learning curve compared with surgeries for other abdominal organs. Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy and tumor enucleation are two of the fastest-growing techniques and are currently in wide use because of their comparable technical simplicity. Literature review showed that laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy and enucleation are safe and efficient approaches for benign and low-degree malignant tumors; however, the indication for malignant tumors remains controversial. Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy is practiced in a limited number of surgical centers and presented as case reports or in small series. Although its feasibility was demonstrated by many surgeons, whether the laparoscopic procedure can achieve benefits comparable to or even more prominent than those of an open procedure has not been clinically proven. Prospective, randomized, controlled trials of laparoscopic operation versus open pancreatic surgery are necessary to justify the wide application and routine practice of the laparoscopic procedure for pancreatic lesions.

关键词： minimally invasive surgery     pancreatic surgery     pancreatic neoplasm     distal pancreatic lesions     pancreatic fistula    

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Current status and prospects of reliability systems engineering in China

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 492-502 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0172-2

摘要： This study provides a systematic overview of the advent and evolution of reliability systems engineering (RSE) in China, and the latest RSE development, that is, model-based RSE (MBRSE), is emphatically introduced. The establishment of the system architecture and conceptual models of MBRSE is first described. The fundamental theory and methodology of MBRSE are then elaborated, with a V-model as the core of this approach. The development of various MBRSE platforms and the effectiveness of their implementation over the past 30 years are presented. The prospective trends in the development of RSE in China are outlined.

关键词： reliability     effectiveness     model-based systems engineering     reliability systems engineering    

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Energy and environment in Chinese rural housing: Current status and future perspective

Xudong YANG, Yi JIANG, Ming YANG, Ming SHAN,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第1期   页码 35-46 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0001-5

摘要： A large scale national survey of energy consumption and indoor environment quality of China’s rural housing was conducted from 2006–2007. The survey covered 15 provinces in northern China and 9 provinces in southern China. The survey data indicate that excessive building energy consumption and poor indoor environment pose significant challenges to the sustainable development of China’s rural housing. Possible causes are analyzed, the current status explained and possible development trends predicted. Strategies for sustainable and environmentally appropriate energy development in rural areas are recommended with an example of the “Zero-Coal, Low Energy Village”.

关键词： rural energy     energy-saving     sustainability    

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Natural killer cells in hepatocellular carcinoma: current status and perspectives for future immunotherapeutic

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第4期   页码 509-521 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0546-3

摘要：

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is currently the fifth most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortalities worldwide. In the last few years, treatments for HCC have significantly improved from a mere surgical resection to a series of minimally invasive therapies and targeted drugs. However, recurrence frequently occurs even upon curative therapeutics, and drug therapies generally produce disappointing results, with the overall prognosis dismal. This challenging clinical scenario warrants new effective and life-prolonging strategies for patients with HCC. Compelling evidence suggests that NK cells play a critical role in the immune function of the liver and in the immune defenses against HCC, indicating that HCC might be an ideal target for NK cell-based immunotherapies. To obtain comprehensive insights into the putative influence of NK cells on HCC, this paper summarizes current knowledge on NK cells in HCC and discusses the usefulness and prospects of NK cell-based immunotherapies. Critical issues that require consideration for the successful clinical translation of NK cell-based therapies are also addressed. If appropriately used and further optimized, NK cell-based therapies could dominate important roles in the future immunotherapeutic market of HCC.

关键词： natural killer cell     hepatocellular carcinoma     immunotherapy    

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Review of aeroelasticity for wind turbine: Current status, research focus and future perspectives

Pinting ZHANG, Shuhong HUANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第4期   页码 419-434 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0166-6

摘要： Aeroelasticity has become a critical issue for Multi-Megawatt wind turbine due to the longer and more flexible blade. In this paper, the development of aeroelasticity and aeroelastic codes for wind turbine is reviewed and the aeroelastic models for wind turbine blade are described, based on which, the current research focuses for large scale wind turbine are discussed, including instability problems for onshore and offshore wind turbines, effects of complex inflow, nonlinear effects of large blade deflection, smart structure technologies, and aerohydroelasticity. Finally, the future development of aeroelastic code for large scale wind turbine: aeroservoelasticity and smart rotor control; nonlinear aeroelasticity due to large blade deflection; full-scale 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solution for dynamics; and aerohydroelasticity are presented.

关键词： wind turbine     aeroelasticity     aeroelastic code    

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Phosphorene: Current status, challenges and opportunities

Anandarup Goswami, Manoj B. Gawande

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 296-309 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1783-y

摘要： The field of 2-dimensional (2D) materials has witnessed a sharp growth since its inception and can majorly be attributed to the substantial technical and scientific developments, leading to significant improvements in their syntheses, characterization and applications. In the list of 2D materials, the relatively newer addition is phosphorene, which ideally consists of a single layer of black phosphorous. Keeping in mind the past, and ongoing research activities, this short account offers a brief overview of the present status and the associated challenges in the field of phosphorene-related research, with special emphasis on their syntheses, properties, applications and future opportunities.

关键词： phosphorene     black phosphorous     anisotropy     single layer     thermoelectric     chemical vapor deposition     catalysis     battery     supercapacitor    

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Prevention and treatment of pancreatic fistula after pancreatic body and tail resection: current status

Li Jiang, Deng Ning, Xiaoping Chen

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第3期   页码 251-261 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0727-3

摘要： Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is the most common and critical complication after pancreatic body and tail resection. How to effectively reduce the occurrence of pancreatic fistula and conduct timely treatment thereafter is an urgent clinical issue to be solved. Recent research standardized the definition of pancreatic fistula and stressed the correlation between POPF classification and patient prognosis. According to the literature, identification of the risk factors for pancreatic fistula contributed to lowering the rate of the complication. Appropriate management of the pancreatic stump and perioperative treatment are of great significance to reduce the rate of POPF in clinical practice. After the occurrence of POPF, the treatment of choice should be determined according to the classification of the pancreatic fistula. However, despite the progress and promising treatment approaches, POPF remains to be a clinical issue that warrants further studies in the future.

关键词： pancreatic fistula     pancreatic body and tail resection     distal pancreatectomy    

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Immunotherapy-based combination strategies for treatment of gastrointestinal cancers: current status

Chenfei Zhou, Jun Zhang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期   页码 12-23 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0685-9

摘要：

Strategies in comprehensive therapy for gastrointestinal (GI) cancer have been optimized in the last decades to improve patients’ outcomes. However, treatment options remain limited for late-stage or refractory diseases. The efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for treatment of refractory GI cancer has been confirmed by randomized clinical trials. In 2017, pembrolizumab was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration as the first agent for treatment of metastatic solid tumors with mismatch repair deficiency, especially for colorectal cancer. Given the different mechanisms, oncologists have focused on determining whether ICIs-based combination strategies could achieve higher efficacy than conventional therapy alone in late-stage or even front-line treatment of GI cancer. This review discusses the current status of combining immune checkpoint inhibitors with molecular targeted therapy, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy in GI cancer in terms of mechanisms, safety, and efficacy to provide basis for future research.

关键词： gastrointestinal cancer     immune checkpoint inhibitor     combination therapy    

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Semi-solid materials for controlled release drug formulation: current status and future prospects

Michelle TRAN,Chun WANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 225-232 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1429-7

摘要： Semi-solid materials represent an important category of inactive ingredients (excipients) of pharmaceutical products. Here we review several common semi-solid polymers currently used in the controlled release formulations of many drugs. These polymers are selected based on their importance and broad scope of application in FDA-approved drug products and include several polysaccharides (cellulose, starch, chitosan, alginate) and carbomers, a group of mucoadhesive synthetic polymers. Glyceride-based polymers used in self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) will also be discussed for its importance in formulating poorly water-soluble drugs. Unique features and advantages of each type of semi-solid materials are discussed and examples of their use in oral delivery of drugs are provided. Finally, future prospects of developing new and better semi-solid excipients are discussed with the objective of facilitating clinical translation.

关键词： controlled release     drug delivery     semi-solids     polymer     excipient    

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Comparative analysis of energy use in China building sector: current status, existing problems and solutions

Shengyuan ZHANG, Xiu YANG, Yi JIANG, Qingpeng WEI,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第1期   页码 2-21 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0023-z

摘要： Energy use in buildings has attracted more and more attention due to its significant proportion in the energy pan of the world. China is the second largest energy user, yet the situation of energy use in the China building sector remains unclear, due to problems of statistics and data processing and problematic use of these data. In this paper, a series of methods is developed, in the first place, to give strict definitions of energy data and to divide energy use into 4 sub-sectors according to the unique situation of China. Then, each sub-sector is further analyzed through international comparisons. Existing problems of energy use and solutions for energy reduction in each sub-sector are also discussed. Accordingly, it is found that China uses much less energy, in terms of both per capita and unit area, in buildings than developed countries. The difference in energy use could be attributed, in large part, to lifestyles of local people, which could determine their way of energy use but is more determined by cultural concepts than by others such as income, technique and so on, especially in China. However, to fulfill the requirements of lifestyles with higher living standards and lower energy consumption, technological innovations are needed.

关键词： building energy use     lifestyle and technology     residential building     commercial building     rural building    

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Current status of municipal wastewater treatment plants in North-east China: implications for reforming

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1673-5

摘要：

● The performance and costs of 20 municipal WWTPs were analyzed.

关键词： Low temperature     Municipal WWTPs     Cold region     Electricity consumption     Nitrogen removal    

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Stem cell research in hepatocellular carcinoma

SUN Chengyi, ZUO Shi

《医学前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第1期   页码 1-4 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0001-6

摘要： The traditional view that adult human liver tumors, mainly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), arise from mature cell types has been challenged in recent decades. The results of several studies suggest that HCC can be derived from liver stem cells. There are four levels of cells in the liver stem cell lineage: hepatocytes, hepatic stem cells/oval cells, bone marrow stem cells and hepato-pancreas stem cells. However, whether HCC is resulted from the differentiation block of stem cells and, moreover, which liver stem cell lineage is the source cell of hepatocarcinogenesis remain controversial. In this review, we focus on the current status of liver stem cell research and their roles in carcinogenesis of HCC, in order to explore new approaches for stem cell therapy of HCC.

关键词： lineage     hepato-pancreas     differentiation block     carcinogenesis     current status    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

EGG PRODUCTION IN CHINA: CURRENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK

Ning YANG

期刊论文

EGG PRODUCTION IN CHINA: CURRENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK

期刊论文

Arsenic in the treatment of newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia: current status and future research

null

期刊论文

Laparoscopic surgery for pancreatic lesions: current status and future

Taiping Zhang, Xiao Du, Yupei Zhao

期刊论文

Current status and prospects of reliability systems engineering in China

期刊论文

Energy and environment in Chinese rural housing: Current status and future perspective

Xudong YANG, Yi JIANG, Ming YANG, Ming SHAN,

期刊论文

Natural killer cells in hepatocellular carcinoma: current status and perspectives for future immunotherapeutic

null

期刊论文

Review of aeroelasticity for wind turbine: Current status, research focus and future perspectives

Pinting ZHANG, Shuhong HUANG

期刊论文

Phosphorene: Current status, challenges and opportunities

Anandarup Goswami, Manoj B. Gawande

期刊论文

Prevention and treatment of pancreatic fistula after pancreatic body and tail resection: current status

Li Jiang, Deng Ning, Xiaoping Chen

期刊论文

Immunotherapy-based combination strategies for treatment of gastrointestinal cancers: current status

Chenfei Zhou, Jun Zhang

期刊论文

Semi-solid materials for controlled release drug formulation: current status and future prospects

Michelle TRAN,Chun WANG

期刊论文

Comparative analysis of energy use in China building sector: current status, existing problems and solutions

Shengyuan ZHANG, Xiu YANG, Yi JIANG, Qingpeng WEI,

期刊论文

Current status of municipal wastewater treatment plants in North-east China: implications for reforming

期刊论文

Stem cell research in hepatocellular carcinoma

SUN Chengyi, ZUO Shi

期刊论文